בקשת מידע | איך עושים שנגן VLC יוכל להזרים סרטים מיוטיוב

[סגנון]

עשיתי את זה כמה פעמים, אבל כעת איני מוצא את זה.
יש את האופציה של "פתח תזרים רשת", והוא לא עובד עם יוטיוב אם לא עושים איזה פעולה של החלפת איזה קובץ בתיקיית התכנה.
מישהו יודע איך לעשות את זה?

[106]

@סגנון
http://he.wondershare.com/vlc/how-to-play-youtube-videos-in-vlc-media-player.html

[סגנון]

@106 שם זה ההסבר הבסיסי איך מפעילים תזרים רשת, אצלי התזרים רשת לא עובד עד שיעשו איזה פעולה, לא מצאתי שם הסבר איך.
בתודה מראש

[סגנון]

לא צריך, מצאתי לבד

כאן:
https://www.mekan0.com/iw/your-entries-cannot-be-opened/

ובתמצות משם:

לחפש במחשב את תיקיית: C:\Program Files (x86)\VideoLAN\VLC\lua\playlist (או משהו דומה)
למצוא שם את הקובץ youtube.luac
להחליף את תוכנו בתוכן מהקישור הזה: https://github.com/videolan/vlc/blob/master/share/lua/playlist/youtube.lua

וזהו. הנגן מוכן לנגן יוטיוב.

להלן התוכן:

Spoiler

--[[
 Copyright © 2007-2023 the VideoLAN team
 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 (at your option) any later version.
 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 GNU General Public License for more details.
 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston MA 02110-1301, USA.
--]]

-- Helper function to get a parameter's value in a URL
function get_url_param( url, name )
    local _, _, res = string.find( url, "[&?]"..name.."=([^&]*)" )
    return res
end

-- Helper function to copy a parameter when building a new URL
function copy_url_param( url, name )
    local value = get_url_param( url, name )
    return ( value and "&"..name.."="..value or "" ) -- Ternary operator
end

function get_arturl()
    local iurl = get_url_param( vlc.path, "iurl" )
    if iurl then
        return iurl
    end
    local video_id = get_url_param( vlc.path, "v" )
    if not video_id then
        return nil
    end
    return vlc.access.."://img.youtube.com/vi/"..video_id.."/default.jpg"
end

-- Pick the most suited format available
function get_fmt( fmt_list )
    local prefres = vlc.var.inherit(nil, "preferred-resolution")
    if prefres < 0 then
        return nil
    end

    local fmt = nil
    for itag,height in string.gmatch( fmt_list, "(%d+)/%d+x(%d+)[^,]*" ) do
        -- Apparently formats are listed in quality
        -- order, so we take the first one that works,
        -- or fallback to the lowest quality
        fmt = itag
        if tonumber(height) <= prefres then
            break
        end
    end
    return fmt
end

-- Helper emulating vlc.readline() to work around its failure on
-- very long lines (see #24957)
function read_long_line()
    local eol
    local pos = 0
    local len = 32768
    repeat
        len = len * 2
        local line = vlc.peek( len )
        if not line then return nil end
        eol = string.find( line, "\n", pos + 1 )
        pos = len
    until eol or len >= 1024 * 1024 -- No EOF detection, loop until limit
    return vlc.read( eol or len )
end

-- Buffering iterator to parse through the HTTP stream several times
-- without making several HTTP requests
function buf_iter( s )
    s.i = s.i + 1
    local line = s.lines[s.i]
    if not line then
        -- Put back together statements split across several lines,
        -- otherwise we won't be able to parse them
        repeat
            local l = s.stream:readline()
            if not l then break end
            line = line and line..l or l -- Ternary operator
        until string.match( line, "};$" )

        if line then
            s.lines[s.i] = line
        end
    end
    return line
end

-- Helper to search and extract code from javascript stream
function js_extract( js, pattern )
    js.i = 0 -- Reset to beginning
    for line in buf_iter, js do
        local ex = string.match( line, pattern )
        if ex then
            return ex
        end
    end
    return nil
end

-- Descramble the "n" parameter using the javascript code that does that
-- in the web page
function n_descramble( nparam, js )
    if not js.stream then
        if not js.url then
            return nil
        end
        js.stream = vlc.stream( js_url )
        if not js.stream then
            -- Retry once for transient errors
            js.stream = vlc.stream( js_url )
            if not js.stream then
                return nil
            end
        end
    end

    -- Look for the descrambler function's name
    -- a.C&&(b=a.get("n"))&&(b=Bpa[0](b),a.set("n",b),Bpa.length||iha(""))}};
    -- var Bpa=[iha];
    local callsite = js_extract( js, '[^;]*%.set%("n",[^};]*' )
    if not callsite then
        vlc.msg.dbg( "Couldn't extract YouTube video throttling parameter descrambling function name" )
        return nil
    end

    -- Try direct function name from following clause
    local descrambler = string.match( callsite, '%.set%("n",.%),...?%.length||(...?)%(' )
    local itm = nil
    if not descrambler then
        -- Try from main call site
        descrambler = string.match( callsite, '[=%(,&|]([a-zA-Z0-9_$%[%]]+)%(.%),.%.set%("n",' )
        if descrambler then
            -- Check if this is only an intermediate variable
            itm = string.match( descrambler, '^([^%[%]]+)%[' )
            if itm then
                descrambler = nil
            end
        else
            -- Last chance: intermediate variable in following clause
            itm = string.match( callsite, '%.set%("n",.%),(...?)%.length' )
        end
    end

    if not descrambler and itm then
        -- Resolve intermediate variable
        descrambler = js_extract( js, 'var '..itm..'=%[(...?)[%],]' )
    end

    if not descrambler then
        vlc.msg.dbg( "Couldn't extract YouTube video throttling parameter descrambling function name" )
        return nil
    end

    -- Fetch the code of the descrambler function
    -- lha=function(a){var b=a.split(""),c=[310282131,"KLf3",b,null,function(d,e){d.push(e)},-45817231, [data and transformations...] ,1248130556];c[3]=c;c[15]=c;c[18]=c;try{c[40](c[14],c[2]),c[25](c[48]),c[21](c[32],c[23]), [scripted calls...] ,c[25](c[33],c[3])}catch(d){return"enhanced_except_4ZMBnuz-_w8_"+a}return b.join("")};
    local code = js_extract( js, "^"..descrambler.."=function%([^)]*%){(.-)};" )
    if not code then
        vlc.msg.dbg( "Couldn't extract YouTube video throttling parameter descrambling code" )
        return nil
    end

    -- Split code into two main sections: 1/ data and transformations,
    -- and 2/ a script of calls
    local datac, script = string.match( code, "c=%[(.*)%];.-;try{(.*)}catch%(" )
    if ( not datac ) or ( not script ) then
        vlc.msg.dbg( "Couldn't extract YouTube video throttling parameter descrambling rules" )
        return nil
    end

    -- Split "n" parameter into a table as descrambling operates on it
    -- as one of several arrays
    local n = {}
    for c in string.gmatch( nparam, "." ) do
        table.insert( n, c )
    end

    -- Helper
    local table_len = function( tab )
        local len = 0
        for i, val in ipairs( tab ) do
            len = len + 1
        end
        return len
    end

    -- Shared core section of compound transformations: it compounds
    -- the "n" parameter with an input string, character by character,
    -- using a Base64 alphabet as algebraic modulo group.
    -- var h=f.length;d.forEach(function(l,m,n){this.push(n[m]=f[(f.indexOf(l)-f.indexOf(this[m])+m+h--)%f.length])},e.split(""))
    local compound = function( ntab, str, alphabet )
        if ntab ~= n or
           type( str ) ~= "string" or
           type( alphabet ) ~= "string" then
            return true
        end
        local input = {}
        for c in string.gmatch( str, "." ) do
            table.insert( input, c )
        end

        local len = string.len( alphabet )
        for i, c in ipairs( ntab ) do
            if type( c ) ~= "string" then
                return true
            end
            local pos1 = string.find( alphabet, c, 1, true )
            local pos2 = string.find( alphabet, input[i], 1, true )
            if ( not pos1 ) or ( not pos2 ) then
                return true
            end
            local pos = ( pos1 - pos2 ) % len
            local newc = string.sub( alphabet, pos + 1, pos + 1 )
            ntab[i] = newc
            table.insert( input, newc )
        end
    end

    -- The data section contains among others function code for a number
    -- of transformations, most of which are basic array operations.
    -- We can match these functions' code to identify them, and emulate
    -- the corresponding transformations.
    local trans = {
        reverse = {
            func = function( tab )
                local len = table_len( tab )
                local tmp = {}
                for i, val in ipairs( tab ) do
                    tmp[len - i + 1] = val
                end
                for i, val in ipairs( tmp ) do
                    tab[i] = val
                end
            end,
            match = {
                -- function(d){d.reverse()}
                -- function(d){for(var e=d.length;e;)d.push(d.splice(--e,1)[0])}
                "^function%(d%)",
            }
        },
        append = {
            func = function( tab, val )
                table.insert( tab, val )
            end,
            match = {
                -- function(d,e){d.push(e)}
                "^function%(d,e%){d%.push%(e%)},",
            }
        },
        remove = {
            func = function( tab, i )
                if type( i ) ~= "number" then
                    return true
                end
                i = i % table_len( tab )
                table.remove( tab, i + 1 )
            end,
            match = {
                -- function(d,e){e=(e%d.length+d.length)%d.length;d.splice(e,1)}
                "^[^}]-;d%.splice%(e,1%)},",
            }
        },
        swap = {
            func = function( tab, i )
                if type( i ) ~= "number" then
                    return true
                end
                i = i % table_len( tab )
                local tmp = tab[1]
                tab[1] = tab[i + 1]
                tab[i + 1] = tmp
            end,
            match = {
                -- function(d,e){e=(e%d.length+d.length)%d.length;var f=d[0];d[0]=d[e];d[e]=f}
                -- function(d,e){e=(e%d.length+d.length)%d.length;d.splice(0,1,d.splice(e,1,d[0])[0])}
                "^[^}]-;var f=d%[0%];d%[0%]=d%[e%];d%[e%]=f},",
                "^[^}]-;d%.splice%(0,1,d%.splice%(e,1,d%[0%]%)%[0%]%)},",
            }
        },
        rotate = {
            func = function( tab, shift )
                if type( shift ) ~= "number" then
                    return true
                end
                local len = table_len( tab )
                shift = shift % len
                local tmp = {}
                for i, val in ipairs( tab ) do
                    tmp[( i - 1 + shift ) % len + 1] = val
                end
                for i, val in ipairs( tmp ) do
                    tab[i] = val
                end
            end,
            match = {
                -- function(d,e){for(e=(e%d.length+d.length)%d.length;e--;)d.unshift(d.pop())}
                -- function(d,e){e=(e%d.length+d.length)%d.length;d.splice(-e).reverse().forEach(function(f){d.unshift(f)})}
                "^[^}]-d%.unshift%(d.pop%(%)%)},",
                "^[^}]-d%.unshift%(f%)}%)},",
            }
        },
        -- Here functions with no arguments are not really functions,
        -- they're constants: treat them as such. These alphabets are
        -- passed to and used by the compound transformations.
        alphabet1 = {
            func = "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ-_",
            match = {
                -- function(){for(var d=64,e=[];++d-e.length-32;){switch(d){case 91:d=44;continue;case 123:d=65;break;case 65:d-=18;continue;case 58:d=96;continue;case 46:d=95}e.push(String.fromCharCode(d))}return e}
                "^function%(%){[^}]-case 58:d=96;",
            }
        },
        alphabet2 = {
            func = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789-_",
            match = {
                -- function(){for(var d=64,e=[];++d-e.length-32;){switch(d){case 58:d-=14;case 91:case 92:case 93:continue;case 123:d=47;case 94:case 95:case 96:continue;case 46:d=95}e.push(String.fromCharCode(d))}return e}
                -- function(){for(var d=64,e=[];++d-e.length-32;)switch(d){case 46:d=95;default:e.push(String.fromCharCode(d));case 94:case 95:case 96:break;case 123:d-=76;case 92:case 93:continue;case 58:d=44;case 91:}return e}
                "^function%(%){[^}]-case 58:d%-=14;",
                "^function%(%){[^}]-case 58:d=44;",
            }
        },
        -- Compound transformations are based on a shared core section
        -- that compounds the "n" parameter with an input string,
        -- character by character, using a variation of a Base64
        -- alphabet as algebraic modulo group.
        compound = {
            func = compound,
            match = {
                -- function(d,e,f){var h=f.length;d.forEach(function(l,m,n){this.push(n[m]=f[(f.indexOf(l)-f.indexOf(this[m])+m+h--)%f.length])},e.split(""))}
                "^function%(d,e,f%)",
            }
        },
        -- These compound transformation variants first build their
        -- Base64 alphabet themselves, before using it.
        compound1 = {
            func = function( ntab, str )
                return compound( ntab, str, "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ-_" )
            end,
            match = {
                -- function(d,e){for(var f=64,h=[];++f-h.length-32;)switch(f){case 58:f=96;continue;case 91:f=44;break;case 65:f=47;continue;case 46:f=153;case 123:f-=58;default:h.push(String.fromCharCode(f))} [ compound... ] }
                "^function%(d,e%){[^}]-case 58:f=96;",
            }
        },
        compound2 = {
            func = function( ntab, str )
                return compound( ntab, str,"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789-_" )
            end,
            match = {
                -- function(d,e){for(var f=64,h=[];++f-h.length-32;){switch(f){case 58:f-=14;case 91:case 92:case 93:continue;case 123:f=47;case 94:case 95:case 96:continue;case 46:f=95}h.push(String.fromCharCode(f))} [ compound... ] }
                -- function(d,e){for(var f=64,h=[];++f-h.length-32;)switch(f){case 46:f=95;default:h.push(String.fromCharCode(f));case 94:case 95:case 96:break;case 123:f-=76;case 92:case 93:continue;case 58:f=44;case 91:} [ compound... ] }
                "^function%(d,e%){[^}]-case 58:f%-=14;",
                "^function%(d,e%){[^}]-case 58:f=44;",
            }
        },
        -- Fallback
        unid = {
            func = function( )
                vlc.msg.dbg( "Couldn't apply unidentified YouTube video throttling parameter transformation, aborting descrambling" )
                return true
            end,
            match = {
            }
        },
    }

    -- The data section actually mixes input data, reference to the
    -- "n" parameter array, and self-reference to its own array, with
    -- transformation functions used to modify itself. We parse it
    -- as such into a table.
    local data = {}
    datac = datac..","
    while datac and datac ~= "" do
        local el = nil
        -- Transformation functions
        if string.match( datac, "^function%(" ) then
            for name, tr in pairs( trans ) do
                for i, match in ipairs( tr.match ) do
                    if string.match( datac, match ) then
                        el = tr.func
                        break
                    end
                end
                if el then
                    break
                end
            end
            if not el then
                el = trans.unid.func
                vlc.msg.warn( "Couldn't parse unidentified YouTube video throttling parameter transformation" )
            end

            -- Compounding functions use a subfunction, so we need to be
            -- more specific in how much parsed data we consume.
            if el == trans.compound.func or
               el == trans.compound1.func or
               el == trans.compound2.func then
                datac = string.match( datac, '^.-},e%.split%(""%)%)},(.*)$' )
                        or string.match( datac, "^.-},(.*)$" )
            else
                datac = string.match( datac, "^.-},(.*)$" )
            end

        -- String input data
        elseif string.match( datac, '^"[^"]*",' ) then
            el, datac = string.match( datac, '^"([^"]*)",(.*)$' )
        -- Integer input data
        -- 1818016376,-648890305,-1200559E3, ...
        elseif string.match( datac, '^%-?%d+,' ) or
               string.match( datac, '^%-?%d+[eE]%-?%d+,' ) then
            el, datac = string.match( datac, "^(.-),(.*)$" )
            el = tonumber( el )
        -- Reference to "n" parameter array
        elseif string.match( datac, '^b,' ) then
            el = n
            datac = string.match( datac, "^b,(.*)$" )
        -- Replaced by self-reference to data array after its declaration
        elseif string.match( datac, '^null,' ) then
            el = data
            datac = string.match( datac, "^null,(.*)$" )
        else
            vlc.msg.warn( "Couldn't parse unidentified YouTube video throttling parameter descrambling data" )
            el = false -- Lua tables can't contain nil values
            datac = string.match( datac, "^[^,]-,(.*)$" )
        end

        table.insert( data, el )
    end

    -- Debugging helper to print data array elements
    local prd = function( el, tab )
        if not el then
            return "???"
        elseif el == n then
            return "n"
        elseif el == data then
            return "data"
        elseif type( el ) == "string" then
            return '"'..el..'"'
        elseif type( el ) == "number" then
            el = tostring( el )
            if type( tab ) == "table" then
                el = el.." -> "..( el % table_len( tab ) )
            end
            return el
        else
            for name, tr in pairs( trans ) do
                if el == tr.func then
                    return name
                end
            end
            return tostring( el )
        end
    end

    -- The script section contains a series of calls to elements of
    -- the data section array onto other elements of it: calls to
    -- transformations, with a reference to the data array itself or
    -- the "n" parameter array as first argument, and often input data
    -- as a second argument. We parse and emulate those calls to follow
    -- the descrambling script.
    -- c[40](c[14],c[2]),c[25](c[48]),c[14](c[1],c[24],c[42]()), [...]
    if not string.match( script, "c%[(%d+)%]%(c%[(%d+)%]([^)]-)%)" ) then
        vlc.msg.dbg( "Couldn't parse and execute YouTube video throttling parameter descrambling rules" )
        return nil
    end
    for ifunc, itab, args in string.gmatch( script, "c%[(%d+)%]%(c%[(%d+)%]([^)]-)%)" ) do
        local iarg1 = string.match( args, "^,c%[(%d+)%]" )
        local iarg2 = string.match( args, "^,[^,]-,c%[(%d+)%]" )

        local func = data[tonumber( ifunc ) + 1]
        local tab = data[tonumber( itab ) + 1]
        local arg1 = iarg1 and data[tonumber( iarg1 ) + 1]
        local arg2 = iarg2 and data[tonumber( iarg2 ) + 1]

        -- Uncomment to debug transformation chain
        --vlc.msg.err( '"n" parameter transformation: '..prd( func ).."("..prd( tab )..( arg1 ~= nil and ( ", "..prd( arg1, tab ) ) or "" )..( arg2 ~= nil and ( ", "..prd( arg2, tab ) ) or "" )..") "..ifunc.."("..itab..( iarg1 and ( ", "..iarg1 ) or "" )..( iarg2 and ( ", "..iarg2 ) or "" )..")" )
        --local nprev = table.concat( n )

        if type( func ) ~= "function" or type( tab ) ~= "table"
            or func( tab, arg1, arg2 ) then
            vlc.msg.dbg( "Invalid data type encountered during YouTube video throttling parameter descrambling transformation chain, aborting" )
            vlc.msg.dbg( "Couldn't descramble YouTube throttling URL parameter: data transfer will get throttled" )
            vlc.msg.err( "Couldn't process youtube video URL, please check for updates to this script" )
            break
        end

        -- Uncomment to debug transformation chain
        --local nnew = table.concat( n )
        --if nprev ~= nnew then
        --    vlc.msg.dbg( '"n" parameter transformation: '..nprev.." -> "..nnew )
        --end
    end

    return table.concat( n )
end

-- Descramble the URL signature using the javascript code that does that
-- in the web page
function sig_descramble( sig, js )
    if not js.stream then
        if not js.url then
            return nil
        end
        js.stream = vlc.stream( js.url )
        if not js.stream then
            -- Retry once for transient errors
            js.stream = vlc.stream( js.url )
            if not js.stream then
                return nil
            end
        end
    end

    -- Look for the descrambler function's name
    -- if(h.s){var l=h.sp,m=wja(decodeURIComponent(h.s));f.set(l,encodeURIComponent(m))}
    -- k.s (from stream map field "s") holds the input scrambled signature
    -- k.sp (from stream map field "sp") holds a parameter name (normally
    -- "signature" or "sig") to set with the output, descrambled signature
    local descrambler = js_extract( js, "[=%(,&|](...?)%(decodeURIComponent%(.%.s%)%)" )
    if not descrambler then
        vlc.msg.dbg( "Couldn't extract youtube video URL signature descrambling function name" )
        return nil
    end

    -- Fetch the code of the descrambler function
    -- Go=function(a){a=a.split("");Fo.sH(a,2);Fo.TU(a,28);Fo.TU(a,44);Fo.TU(a,26);Fo.TU(a,40);Fo.TU(a,64);Fo.TR(a,26);Fo.sH(a,1);return a.join("")};
    local rules = js_extract( js, "^"..descrambler.."=function%([^)]*%){(.-)};" )
    if not rules then
        vlc.msg.dbg( "Couldn't extract youtube video URL signature descrambling rules" )
        return nil
    end

    -- Get the name of the helper object providing transformation definitions
    local helper = string.match( rules, ";(..)%...%(" )
    if not helper then
        vlc.msg.dbg( "Couldn't extract youtube video URL signature transformation helper name" )
        return nil
    end

    -- Fetch the helper object code
    -- var Fo={TR:function(a){a.reverse()},TU:function(a,b){var c=a[0];a[0]=a[b%a.length];a[b]=c},sH:function(a,b){a.splice(0,b)}};
    local transformations = js_extract( js, "[ ,]"..helper.."={(.-)};" )
    if not transformations then
        vlc.msg.dbg( "Couldn't extract youtube video URL signature transformation code" )
        return nil
    end

    -- Parse the helper object to map available transformations
    local trans = {}
    for meth,code in string.gmatch( transformations, "(..):function%([^)]*%){([^}]*)}" ) do
        -- a=a.reverse()
        if string.match( code, "%.reverse%(" ) then
          trans[meth] = "reverse"

        -- a.splice(0,b)
        elseif string.match( code, "%.splice%(") then
          trans[meth] = "slice"

        -- var c=a[0];a[0]=a[b%a.length];a[b]=c
        elseif string.match( code, "var c=" ) then
          trans[meth] = "swap"
        else
            vlc.msg.warn("Couldn't parse unknown youtube video URL signature transformation")
        end
    end

    -- Parse descrambling rules, map them to known transformations
    -- and apply them on the signature
    local missing = false
    for meth,idx in string.gmatch( rules, "..%.(..)%([^,]+,(%d+)%)" ) do
        idx = tonumber( idx )

        if trans[meth] == "reverse" then
            sig = string.reverse( sig )

        elseif trans[meth] == "slice" then
            sig = string.sub( sig, idx + 1 )

        elseif trans[meth] == "swap" then
            if idx > 1 then
                sig = string.gsub( sig, "^(.)("..string.rep( ".", idx - 1 )..")(.)(.*)$", "%3%2%1%4" )
            elseif idx == 1 then
                sig = string.gsub( sig, "^(.)(.)", "%2%1" )
            end
        else
            vlc.msg.dbg("Couldn't apply unknown youtube video URL signature transformation")
            missing = true
        end
    end
    if missing then
        vlc.msg.err( "Couldn't process youtube video URL, please check for updates to this script" )
    end
    return sig
end

-- Parse and assemble video stream URL
function stream_url( params, js )
    local url = string.match( params, "url=([^&]+)" )
    if not url then
        return nil
    end
    url = vlc.strings.decode_uri( url )

    -- Descramble any scrambled signature and append it to URL
    local s = string.match( params, "s=([^&]+)" )
    if s then
        s = vlc.strings.decode_uri( s )
        vlc.msg.dbg( "Found "..string.len( s ).."-character scrambled signature for youtube video URL, attempting to descramble... " )
        local ds = sig_descramble( s, js )
        if not ds then
            vlc.msg.dbg( "Couldn't descramble YouTube video URL signature" )
            vlc.msg.err( "Couldn't process youtube video URL, please check for updates to this script" )
            ds = s
        end

        local sp = string.match( params, "sp=([^&]+)" )
        if not sp then
            vlc.msg.warn( "Couldn't extract signature parameters for youtube video URL, guessing" )
            sp = "signature"
        end
        url = url.."&"..sp.."="..vlc.strings.encode_uri_component( ds )
    end

    return url
end

-- Parse and pick our video stream URL (classic parameters, out of use)
function pick_url( url_map, fmt, js_url )
    for stream in string.gmatch( url_map, "[^,]+" ) do
        local itag = string.match( stream, "itag=(%d+)" )
        if not fmt or not itag or tonumber( itag ) == tonumber( fmt ) then
            return nil -- stream_url( stream, js_url )
        end
    end
    return nil
end

-- Pick suitable stream among available formats
function pick_stream( formats, fmt )
    if not formats then
        return nil
    end

    -- Remove subobject fields to ease parsing of stream object array
    formats = string.gsub( formats, '"[^"]-":{[^{}]-},?', '' )

    if tonumber( fmt ) then
        -- Legacy match from URL parameter
        fmt = tonumber( fmt )
        for stream in string.gmatch( formats, '{(.-)}' ) do
            local itag = tonumber( string.match( stream, '"itag":(%d+)' ) )
            if fmt == itag then
                return stream
            end
        end
        return nil
    else
        -- Compare the different available formats listed with our
        -- quality targets
        local prefres = vlc.var.inherit( nil, "preferred-resolution" )
        local bestres, pick
        for stream in string.gmatch( formats, '{(.-)}' ) do
            local height = tonumber( string.match( stream, '"height":(%d+)' ) )

            -- We have no preference mechanism for audio formats,
            -- so just pick the first one
            if fmt == "audio" and not height then
                return stream
            end

            -- Better than nothing
            if ( not pick and fmt ~= "video" ) or ( height and ( not bestres
                -- Better quality within limits
                or ( ( prefres < 0 or height <= prefres ) and height > bestres )
                -- Lower quality more suited to limits
                or ( prefres > -1 and bestres > prefres and height < bestres )
            ) ) then
                bestres = height
                pick = stream
            end
        end
        return pick
    end
end

-- Parse and pick our video stream URL (new-style parameters)
function pick_stream_url( muxed, adaptive, js_url, fmt )
    -- Shared JavaScript resources - lazy initialization
    local js = { url = js_url, stream = nil, lines = {}, i = 0 }
    if not js.url then
        vlc.msg.warn( "Couldn't extract YouTube JavaScript player code URL, descrambling functions unavailable" )
    end

    local pick = nil
    if tonumber( fmt ) then
        -- Specific numeric itag, search in both lists
        pick = pick_stream( muxed, fmt )
        if not pick then
            pick = pick_stream( adaptive, fmt )
        end
    elseif ( fmt == "audio" or fmt == "video" ) then
        -- Specifically audio or video only, no fallback
        pick = pick_stream( adaptive, fmt )
    else
        if fmt == "hd" then
            -- Try and leverage full array of adaptive formats
            local audio = pick_stream( adaptive, "audio" )
            local video = pick_stream( adaptive, "video" )
            if audio and video then
                local audio_url = assemble_stream_url( audio, js )
                local video_url = assemble_stream_url( video, js )
                if audio_url and video_url then
                    return video_url, audio_url
                end
            end
        end

        if not pick then
            -- Default or fallback: safe old multiplexed streams,
            -- but reduced to a single, low-definition format
            -- available in some cases
            pick = pick_stream( muxed, fmt )
        end
    end

    if not pick then
        return nil
    end
    return assemble_stream_url( pick, js )
end

-- Parse, descramble and assemble elements of video stream URL
function assemble_stream_url( pick, js )
    -- 1/ URL signature
    -- Either the "url" or the "signatureCipher" parameter is present,
    -- depending on whether the URL signature is scrambled.
    local url
    local cipher = string.match( pick, '"signatureCipher":"(.-)"' )
        or string.match( pick, '"[a-zA-Z]*[Cc]ipher":"(.-)"' )
    if cipher then
        -- Scrambled signature: some assembly required
        url = stream_url( cipher, js )
    end
    if not url then
        -- Unscrambled signature, already included in ready-to-use URL
        url = string.match( pick, '"url":"(.-)"' )
    end

    if not url then
        return nil
    end

    -- 2/ Data transfer throttling
    -- The "n" parameter is scrambled too, and needs to be descrambled
    -- and replaced in place, otherwise the data transfer gets throttled
    -- down to between 40 and 80 kB/s, below real-time playability level.
    local n = string.match( url, "[?&]n=([^&]+)" )
    if n then
        n = vlc.strings.decode_uri( n )
        local dn = nil -- n_descramble( n, js )
        if dn then
            url = string.gsub( url, "([?&])n=[^&]+", "%1n="..vlc.strings.encode_uri_component( dn ), 1 )
        else
            vlc.msg.err( "Couldn't descramble YouTube throttling URL parameter: data transfer will get throttled" )
            --vlc.msg.err( "Couldn't process youtube video URL, please check for updates to this script" )
        end
    end

    return url
end

-- Probe function.
function probe()
    return ( ( vlc.access == "http" or vlc.access == "https" ) and (
            ((
               string.match( vlc.path, "^www%.youtube%.com/" )
            or string.match( vlc.path, "^music%.youtube%.com/" )
            or string.match( vlc.path, "^gaming%.youtube%.com/" ) -- out of use
             ) and (
               string.match( vlc.path, "/watch%?" ) -- the html page
            or string.match( vlc.path, "/live$" ) -- user live stream html page
            or string.match( vlc.path, "/live%?" ) -- user live stream html page
            or string.match( vlc.path, "/shorts/" ) -- YouTube Shorts HTML page
            or string.match( vlc.path, "/get_video_info%?" ) -- info API
            or string.match( vlc.path, "/v/" ) -- video in swf player
            or string.match( vlc.path, "/embed/" ) -- embedded player iframe
             )) or
               string.match( vlc.path, "^consent%.youtube%.com/" )
         ) )
end

-- Parse function.
function parse()
    if string.match( vlc.path, "^consent%.youtube%.com/" ) then
        -- Cookie consent redirection
        -- Location: https://consent.youtube.com/m?continue=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DXXXXXXXXXXX&gl=FR&m=0&pc=yt&uxe=23983172&hl=fr&src=1
        -- Set-Cookie: CONSENT=PENDING+355; expires=Fri, 01-Jan-2038 00:00:00 GMT; path=/; domain=.youtube.com
        local url = get_url_param( vlc.path, "continue" )
        if not url then
            vlc.msg.err( "Couldn't handle YouTube cookie consent redirection, please check for updates to this script or try disabling HTTP cookie forwarding" )
            return { }
        end
        return { { path = vlc.strings.decode_uri( url ), options = { ":no-http-forward-cookies" } } }
    elseif not string.match( vlc.path, "^www%.youtube%.com/" ) then
        -- Skin subdomain
        return { { path = vlc.access.."://"..string.gsub( vlc.path, "^([^/]*)/", "www.youtube.com/" ) } }

    elseif string.match( vlc.path, "/watch%?" )
        or string.match( vlc.path, "/live$" )
        or string.match( vlc.path, "/live%?" )
        or string.match( vlc.path, "/shorts/" )
    then -- This is the HTML page's URL
        local path, path2, title, description, artist, arturl, js_url

        -- Retired YouTube API for video format itag parameter,
        -- still supported and extended as youtube.lua API
        -- https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=YouTube&oldid=716878321#Quality_and_formats
        local fmt = get_url_param( vlc.path, "fmt" )

        while true do
            -- The new HTML code layout has fewer and longer lines; always
            -- use the long line workaround until we get more visibility.
            local line = new_layout and read_long_line() or vlc.readline()
            if not line then break end

            -- The next line is the major configuration line that we need.
            -- It is very long so we need this workaround (see #24957).
            if string.match( line, '^ *<div id="player%-api">' ) then
                line = read_long_line()
                if not line then break end
            end

            if not title then
                local meta = string.match( line, '<meta property="og:title"( .-)>' )
                if meta then
                    title = string.match( meta, ' content="(.-)"' )
                    if title then
                        title = vlc.strings.resolve_xml_special_chars( title )
                    end
                end
            end

            if not description then
                -- FIXME: there is another version of this available,
                -- without the double JSON string encoding, but we're
                -- unlikely to access it due to #24957
                description = string.match( line, '\\"shortDescription\\":\\"(.-[^\\])\\"')
                if description then
                    -- FIXME: do this properly (see #24958)
                    description = string.gsub( description, '\\(["\\/])', '%1' )
                else
                    description = string.match( line, '"shortDescription":"(.-[^\\])"')
                end
                if description then
                    if string.match( description, '^"' ) then
                        description = ""
                    end
                    -- FIXME: do this properly (see #24958)
                    -- This way of unescaping is technically wrong
                    -- so as little as possible of it should be done
                    description = string.gsub( description, '\\(["\\/])', '%1' )
                    description = string.gsub( description, '\\n', '\n' )
                    description = string.gsub( description, '\\r', '\r' )
                    description = string.gsub( description, "\\u0026", "&" )
                end
            end

            if not arturl then
                local meta = string.match( line, '<meta property="og:image"( .-)>' )
                if meta then
                    arturl = string.match( meta, ' content="(.-)"' )
                    if arturl then
                        arturl = vlc.strings.resolve_xml_special_chars( arturl )
                    end
                end
            end

            if not artist then
                artist = string.match(line, '\\"author\\":\\"(.-)\\"')
                if artist then
                    -- FIXME: do this properly (see #24958)
                    artist = string.gsub( artist, '\\(["\\/])', '%1' )
                else
                    artist = string.match( line, '"author":"(.-)"' )
                end
                if artist then
                    -- FIXME: do this properly (see #24958)
                    artist = string.gsub( artist, "\\u0026", "&" )
                end
            end

            if not new_layout then
                if string.match( line, '<script nonce="' ) then
                    vlc.msg.dbg( "Detected new YouTube HTML code layout" )
                    new_layout = true
                end
            end

            -- We need this when parsing the main stream configuration;
            -- it can indeed be found on that same line (among others).
            if not js_url then
                js_url = string.match( line, '"jsUrl":"(.-)"' )
                    or string.match( line, "\"js\": *\"(.-)\"" )
                if js_url then
                    js_url = string.gsub( js_url, "\\/", "/" )
                    -- Resolve URL
                    if string.match( js_url, "^/[^/]" ) then
                        local authority = string.match( vlc.path, "^([^/]*)/" )
                        js_url = "//"..authority..js_url
                    end
                    js_url = string.gsub( js_url, "^//", vlc.access.."://" )
                end
            end

            -- JSON parameters, also formerly known as "swfConfig",
            -- "SWF_ARGS", "swfArgs", "PLAYER_CONFIG", "playerConfig",
            -- "ytplayer.config" ...
            if string.match( line, "ytInitialPlayerResponse ?= ?{" )
                or string.match( line, "ytplayer%.config" ) then

                -- Classic parameters - out of use since early 2020
                if not fmt then
                    fmt_list = string.match( line, "\"fmt_list\": *\"(.-)\"" )
                    if fmt_list then
                        fmt_list = string.gsub( fmt_list, "\\/", "/" )
                        fmt = get_fmt( fmt_list )
                    end
                end

                url_map = string.match( line, "\"url_encoded_fmt_stream_map\": *\"(.-)\"" )
                if url_map then
                    vlc.msg.dbg( "Found classic parameters for youtube video stream, parsing..." )
                    -- FIXME: do this properly (see #24958)
                    url_map = string.gsub( url_map, "\\u0026", "&" )
                    path = pick_url( url_map, fmt, js_url )
                end

                -- New-style parameters
                if not path then
                    local stream_map = string.match( line, '\\"formats\\":%[(.-)%]' )
                    if stream_map then
                        -- FIXME: do this properly (see #24958)
                        stream_map = string.gsub( stream_map, '\\(["\\/])', '%1' )
                    else
                        stream_map = string.match( line, '"formats":%[(.-)%]' )
                    end
                    if stream_map then
                        -- FIXME: do this properly (see #24958)
                        stream_map = string.gsub( stream_map, "\\u0026", "&" )
                    end

                    local adaptive_map = string.match( line, '"adaptiveFormats":%[(.-)%]' )
                    if adaptive_map then
                        -- FIXME: do this properly (see #24958)
                        adaptive_map = string.gsub( adaptive_map, "\\u0026", "&" )
                    end

                    if stream_map or adaptive_map then
                        vlc.msg.dbg( "Found new-style parameters for youtube video stream, parsing..." )
                        path, path2 = pick_stream_url( stream_map, adaptive_map, js_url, fmt )
                    end
                end

                if not path then
                    -- If this is a live stream, the URL map will be empty
                    -- and we get the URL from this field instead
                    local hlsvp = string.match( line, '\\"hlsManifestUrl\\": *\\"(.-)\\"' )
                        or string.match( line, '"hlsManifestUrl":"(.-)"' )
                    if hlsvp then
                        hlsvp = string.gsub( hlsvp, "\\/", "/" )
                        path = hlsvp
                    end
                end
            end
        end

        if not path then
            vlc.msg.err( "Couldn't extract youtube video URL, please check for updates to this script" )
            return { }
        end

        if not arturl then
            arturl = get_arturl()
        end

        local options = { }
        if path2 then
            table.insert( options, ":input-slave="..path2 )
        end
        return { { path = path; name = title; description = description; artist = artist; arturl = arturl; options = options } }

    elseif string.match( vlc.path, "/get_video_info%?" ) then
        -- video info API, retired since summer 2021
        -- Replacement Innertube API requires HTTP POST requests
        -- and so remains for now unworkable from lua parser scripts
        -- (see #26185)

        local line = vlc.read( 1024*1024 ) -- data is on one line only
        if not line then
            vlc.msg.err( "YouTube API output missing" )
            return { }
        end

        local js_url = get_url_param( vlc.path, "jsurl" )
        if js_url then
            js_url= vlc.strings.decode_uri( js_url )
        end

        -- Classic parameters - out of use since early 2020
        local fmt = get_url_param( vlc.path, "fmt" )
        if not fmt then
            local fmt_list = string.match( line, "&fmt_list=([^&]*)" )
            if fmt_list then
                fmt_list = vlc.strings.decode_uri( fmt_list )
                fmt = get_fmt( fmt_list )
            end
        end

        local url_map = string.match( line, "&url_encoded_fmt_stream_map=([^&]*)" )
        if url_map then
            vlc.msg.dbg( "Found classic parameters for youtube video stream, parsing..." )
            url_map = vlc.strings.decode_uri( url_map )
            path = pick_url( url_map, fmt, js_url )
        end

        -- New-style parameters
        if not path then
            local stream_map = string.match( line, '%%22formats%%22%%3A%%5B(.-)%%5D' )
            if stream_map then
                vlc.msg.dbg( "Found new-style parameters for youtube video stream, parsing..." )
                stream_map = vlc.strings.decode_uri( stream_map )
                -- FIXME: do this properly (see #24958)
                stream_map = string.gsub( stream_map, "\\u0026", "&" )
                path = pick_stream_url( stream_map, nil, js_url, fmt )
            end
        end

        if not path then
            -- If this is a live stream, the URL map will be empty
            -- and we get the URL from this field instead
            local hlsvp = string.match( line, "%%22hlsManifestUrl%%22%%3A%%22(.-)%%22" )
            if hlsvp then
                hlsvp = vlc.strings.decode_uri( hlsvp )
                path = hlsvp
            end
        end

        if not path and get_url_param( vlc.path, "el" ) ~= "detailpage" then
            -- Retry with the other known value for the "el" parameter;
            -- either value has historically been wrong and failed for
            -- some videos but not others.
            local video_id = get_url_param( vlc.path, "video_id" )
            if video_id then
                path = vlc.access.."://www.youtube.com/get_video_info?video_id="..video_id.."&el=detailpage"..copy_url_param( vlc.path, "fmt" )..copy_url_param( vlc.path, "jsurl" )
                vlc.msg.warn( "Couldn't extract video URL, retrying with alternate YouTube API parameters" )
            end
        end

        if not path then
            vlc.msg.err( "Couldn't extract youtube video URL, please check for updates to this script" )
            return { }
        end

        local title = string.match( line, "%%22title%%22%%3A%%22(.-)%%22" )
        if title then
            title = string.gsub( title, "+", " " )
            title = vlc.strings.decode_uri( title )
            -- FIXME: do this properly (see #24958)
            title = string.gsub( title, "\\u0026", "&" )
        end
        -- FIXME: description gets truncated if it contains a double quote
        local description = string.match( line, "%%22shortDescription%%22%%3A%%22(.-)%%22" )
        if description then
            description = string.gsub( description, "+", " " )
            description = vlc.strings.decode_uri( description )
            -- FIXME: do this properly (see #24958)
            description = string.gsub( description, '\\(["\\/])', '%1' )
            description = string.gsub( description, '\\n', '\n' )
            description = string.gsub( description, '\\r', '\r' )
            description = string.gsub( description, "\\u0026", "&" )
        end
        local artist = string.match( line, "%%22author%%22%%3A%%22(.-)%%22" )
        if artist then
            artist = string.gsub( artist, "+", " " )
            artist = vlc.strings.decode_uri( artist )
            -- FIXME: do this properly (see #24958)
            artist = string.gsub( artist, "\\u0026", "&" )
        end
        local arturl = string.match( line, "%%22playerMicroformatRenderer%%22%%3A%%7B%%22thumbnail%%22%%3A%%7B%%22thumbnails%%22%%3A%%5B%%7B%%22url%%22%%3A%%22(.-)%%22" )
        if arturl then
            arturl = vlc.strings.decode_uri( arturl )
        end

        return { { path = path, name = title, description = description, artist = artist, arturl = arturl } }

    else -- Other supported URL formats
        local video_id = string.match( vlc.path, "/[^/]+/([^?]*)" )
        if not video_id then
            vlc.msg.err( "Couldn't extract youtube video URL" )
            return { }
        end
        return { { path = vlc.access.."://www.youtube.com/watch?v="..video_id..copy_url_param( vlc.path, "fmt" ) } }
    end
end

[יחצאל]

@סגנון איך מחליפים את התוכן, כלומר איך פותחים את הקובץ ההוא?

[סגנון]

@יחצאל באמצעות פנקס רשימות.
לי הוא עשה קצת בעיות עם השמירה כי הוא רצה שאהיה מנהל.
בסוף הסתדרתי איכשהו להחליף ולשמור.

[יחצאל]

@סגנון גם לי הוא לא נותן לשמור, אבל אני המנהל אז למה אני לא יכול לשמור?

[סגנון]

@יחצאל מה שאני עשיתי בשביל לשמור, זה שהעתקתי אותו למקום אחר במחשב,
שיניתי מה שרציתי,
מחקתי את הקובץ המקורי, והעתקתי לשם את הקובץ החדש.

(אגב, אחרי שVLC מנגן יוטיוב, אפשר להוריד את היוטיוב בקלות ע"י "כלים>>פרטי המקודד>>מיקום"
מעתיקים את הקישור ומדביקים בדפדפן ומגיעים לסרטון עצמו שיש לו כפתור הורדה בצד.